I don’t use in-app filters, so I’m not 100% sure, but I would have to agree. As far as I’m aware, in-app filters are only available on the list style layouts. Maybe I’m wrong, but I don’t think I’ve ever seen them available on a Details layout. There’s nothing to filter if you are on a Details layout already. If you were trying to filter an inline list, but you had several of them on the screen, I think the in-app filter feature would get confusing. Again, haven’t really used it, so I’m not completely sure. Other posts would suggest that this has never been possible.
Also, the Compact list layout wasn’t replaced by Swipe. It was combined with the regular List layout, so within the List layout settings, you can choose if you want the Regular or Compact design. So we actually gained a layout instead of having one replaced.