There might be some posts around here where people that have done it, but you would need a set column action executed somewhere in your app that would write the deep link to a sheet, then a script, zap, or integromat integration that would read that url and run it through a third party url shortening service and write the resulting short url back to the sheet.
I’m sure there’s some technical reasons for the url being as long as it is that we just don’t understand. What I do know, is that when you decode it, there’s a lot of info, such as rowid, tab number and additional app info to help it get to the right screen. It’s not just a random string of text. Like I said, it’s probably so it knows which tab and hierarchy to navigate through to get to the correct view… especially if you have multiple ways to get to the same row in the app?