No, the javascript column is pretty sandboxed and can only return a value in the same javascript column based on the code. It can’t be used for automation or to change values in other columns. Glide currently does not have any backend automation processing to process multiple rows of data, although I believe that is something they might working on.
If all you are doing is resetting a boolean value, then I recommend having a look at this. It’s an old example with a classic app, so I’m not entirely sure if you can copy it anymore, but it’s worth a shot. It’s a bit of smoke and mirrors to give the appearance that a boolean has been reset for multiple columns.